Cross-Sectional Analysis of Urological Pathologies: A One-Year Histopathological Study at Al-Wahda Hospital

Abstract

Diseases involving the urological system are one of the most common disorders affecting the general population and comprise a spectrum of entities. They can be non-neoplastic or neoplastic lesions. A prospective study was conducted to identify the histopathological patterns with regard to age and sex of urological lesions in surgically received specimens from the urology department of Al Wahda hospital, .in patients living in Derna city, Eastern Libya. The study included forty urological samples submitted to the Noor-AL-Huda Medical Center Pathology Laboratory in Derna City, East of Libya, over a period from 8-6 2024 to 3-6 2025. The lesions were evaluated by light microscopy and classified on histological grounds into non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, and they were fixed by formalin, processed, and then stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. A total of 40 urological specimens were received during this study period. The age of the patients included in this study ranged from 19 to 81 with mean 59 years n urological specimens   35 males (87.5%) and 5 (12.5%) females giving a male to female ratio of 7: 1. There were 21 (52.5%) non-neoplastic lesions, the majority of non-neoplastic case reported in the study were benign prostatic hyperplasia accounting for 13 % (32.5%). Neoplastic lesions reported in the study were 19 (47.5%). The transitional papillary carcinoma forms the most neoplastic lesion, accounting for 16 (84.2%) of the neoplastic lesions. Out of 16 neoplastic lesions of the bladder were non-invasive urothelial papillary carcinoma 10 (52.6%). The peak age for urothelial carcinoma was 4^th to 6^th decades. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the most common histopathological of non-neoplastic lesions. Transitional papillary carcinoma is the most common of neoplastic disorders, encountered more commonly in males, with the majority of cases occurring in the 6th decade. Both low-grade and stage (PT1) were relatively common patterns seen in this study.